Groin Hernias: When Anatomy, Gravity, and Bad Luck Collide

The great escape… The abdominal wall is a masterpiece of engineering, layers of muscle, fascia, and peritoneum that hold back the constant pressure of life: … Read more

The day the colon stops cooperating If small bowel obstruction is the frantic traffic jam of the gut, large bowel obstruction is the motorway shutdown, slower to … Read more

It always starts with a sound… A low, hollow gurgling echo drifting across the ward. If you’ve been a surgeon long enough, you learn to … Read more

A small sore with big ambitions The stomach, that muscular bag of acid and appetite, is built for abuse. It churns, digests, and disinfects, bathing … Read more

A smouldering rebellion If acute pancreatitis is an explosion, then chronic pancreatitis is the slow, relentless fire that follows.The pancreas, once inflamed, never fully forgives. It heals, yes, but … Read more

A fiery organ with a short fuse If there’s one abdominal organ that holds a grudge, it’s the pancreas.You can neglect it for years, overload it … Read more

When the pipes are blocked, pressure rises… In the First Kingdom, bilirubin production was too high.In the Second, the liver cells were under attack.But in the … Read more

When the gatekeepers go on strike… In pre-hepatic jaundice, the liver was overworked but otherwise innocent.But in this Kingdom, the liver itself is the problem. Hepatocellular jaundice … Read more

There’s nothing wrong with the liver… yet. When you see a jaundiced patient, most people (students included!) immediately point to the liver and say, “Aha! … Read more